Release Notes GeoGebra 5.0
This page gives an overview of the new features in GeoGebra 5 since version 4.4. Please see our fully revised Manual:Main Page document for more detailed descriptions of each new tool and command.
You can install the stable version of GeoGebra by using our Download option.
Information about how to run the Beta version 5 (with 3D) is in our user forum.
New Tools
- Plane
- Right prism
- Sphere
- View in front of
General Features
- Experimental: typing the decimal comma key on the numeric keypad types a .
- The Winding Rule for self-intersecting polygons has changed to be consistent with 3D
New Features
Extended types to 3D
- Points
eg A=(5,-2,1)
- Vectors
eg u=(5,-2,1) eg Cross product: a = u ⊗ v
- Lines
- Segments
- Rays
- Polygons
- Circles
New Object Types
Surfaces
eg f(x,y) = sin(x * y) eg Function[sin(a * b), a, -5, 5, b, -5, 5]
Planes
eg x + y + z = 1
Pyramids
Prisms
Spheres
Cylinders
Cones
3D View
Applets
- 3D export to applets and GeoGebra is not supported at the moment
Moving objects
- left-drag points in the 3D view. Click on the point to change the mode "along xOy plane" to "along z axis", and so on.
Translation of the scene
- shift+left-drag the 3D view (without pointing on a moveable object)
- use move view tool
Rotation of the scene
- "Rotate 3D graphic view" tool
- right-drag the 3D view (without pointing on a moveable object)
- continue rotation when mouse released
- view in front of an object (toolbar)
Zoom
- use wheel mouse
- use zoom tool
Gridlines
- show/hide axes, grid, xOy plane
Commands
Improved Commands
These three commands will now work with Conics as well as Curves
- Curvature[ <Point>, <Object> ]
- CurvatureVector[ <Point>, <Object> ]
- OsculatingCircle[ <Point>, <Object> ]
All commands below works with 2D/3D objects
- Midpoint[ <Point> , <Point> ], Midpoint[ <Segment> ]
- Intersect[ <Line> , <Line> ]
- Intersect[ <Line> , <Segment> ], etc.
- Intersect[<Line>, <Conic>]
- Intersect[<Conic>, <Conic>]
- Vector[ <Point> , <Point> ]
- Line[ <Point> , <Point> ], Segment[ <Point> , <Point> ], etc.
- Line[ <Point> , <Line> ], Line[ <Point> , <Segment> ], etc.
- PerpendicularLine[ <Point> , <Line> ]
(will set output line to undefined if point is on the line in 3D)
- Circle[ <Point> , <Point> , <Point> ]
- Distance[ <Point> , <Point> ]
- Angle[ <Point> , <Point> , <Point> ]
- Area[ <Polygon> ], Area[ <Conic> ]
- Corner[ <Polygon> ], Corner[ <Conic> ]
- Center[ <Conic> ]
New Commands
- Spline[ <List of Points> ]
- Spline[ <List of Points>, <Order ≥ 3> ]
- Tangent[ <Point>, <Spline> ]
- DensityPlot, syntax to be confirmed. Try DensityPlot[ sin(x)+sin(y) ]
- MatrixPlot, syntax to be confirmed. Try MatrixPlot[{{0.9, 0.08, 0.03}, {0.15, 0.8, 0.05}, {0.25, 0.25, 0.5}}]
- ContourPlot, syntax to be confirmed. Try ContourPlot[x^2+y^2]
- RandomUniform[ <Min>, <Max>, <n> ]
- AreEqual[ <Object>, <Object> ]
- AreCollinear[ <Point>, <Point>, <Point> ]
- AreConcurrent[ <Line>, <Line>, <Line> ]
- AreConcyclic[ <Point>, <Point>, <Point>, <Point> ]
- AreParallel[ <Line>, <Line> ]
- ArePerpendicular[ <Line>, <Line> ]
- Prove[ <Boolean Expression> ]
- ProveDetails[ <Boolean Expression> ]
- UpdateConstruction[ <Number of times> ]
- Min[ <List of Data>, <List of Frequencies> ]
- Max[ <List of Data>, <List of Frequencies> ]
- IntersectPath[ <Line>, <Polygon> ]
- IntersectPath[ <Line>, <Conic> ]
- SetViewDirection[ <Direction> ]
- Envelope[ <Path Creating Envelope>, <Moving Point> ]
- SetPerspective[ <Options> ]
3D Commands
General
- Rotate[ <Object>, <Angle>, <Axis of Rotation> ]
- Rotate[ <Object>, <Angle>, <Point on Axis>, <Axis Direction> ]
- Rotate[ <Object>, <Angle>, <Point on Axis>, <Plane> ]
- Reflect[ <Object>, <Plane> ] reflects an object about a plane
Points
- Intersect[ <Line>, <Object> ] creates the intersection point of a line and a plane, segment, polygon, etc
- Intersect[ <Plane>, <Object> ] creates the intersection point of a plane and segment, polygon, etc
- ClosestPoint[ <Region>, <Point> ]
- ClosestPoint[ <Line>, <Line> ]
- Corner[3, <Number>] creates a point at one of the 3D view's corners (the number is from 1 to 8)
- Center[ <Quadric> ] creates the center of a quadric (e.g. sphere, cone, etc.)
Lines
- Intersect[ <Plane> , <Plane> ]
- IntersectPath[ <Plane>, <Polygon> ]
- PerpendicularLine[ <Point> , <Line>, <Plane> ] creates a perpendicular line through the point and parallel to the plane
- PerpendicularLine[ <Point> , <Line>, Space ] creates a perpendicular line through the point, space definition
- PerpendicularLine[ <Point> , <Plane> ]
- PerpendicularLine[ <Line> , <Line> ]
- Distance[ <Line>, <Line>]
Vectors
- OrthogonalVector[ <Plane> ] creates a vector orthogonal to the plane
- UnitOrthogonalVector[ <Plane> ] creates a unit vector orthogonal to the plane
Polygons
- Intersect[ <Plane>, <Polyhedron> ] creates the polygon(s) intersection of plane and polyhedron
- Polygon[ <Point>, <Point>, <Number of Vertices>, <Direction> ] creates a regular polygon with n vertices, and directed by the direction (e.g. a plane to which the polygon will be parallel, if possible)
Circles
- Circle[ <Line>, <Point> ] creates the circle with line for axis and through the point
- Circle[<Point>,<Radius>,<Direction>] create circle with center, radius, and axis parallel to direction, which can line, vector or plane (in this case : normal vector of the plane)
- Circle[<Point>,<Point>,<Direction>] creates a circle with center, through a point, and axis parallel to direction (may be undefined)
- Intersect[ <Sphere>, <Sphere> ] creates the circle intersection of two spheres
Conics
- Intersect[ <Plane>, <Quadric> ] or IntersectPath[ <Plane>, <Quadric> ] creates the conic intersection of the plane and the quadric (sphere, cone, cylinder, ...)
Planes
- Plane[ <Point> , <Point> , <Point> ] creates the plane through the points
- Plane[ <Point> , <Line> ] creates the plane through the point and the line
- Plane[ <Line> , <Line> ] creates the plane through the lines (if in the same plane)
- Plane[ <Point> , <Plane> ] creates the plane through the point and parallel to the plane
- PerpendicularPlane[ <Point> , <Line> ] creates the plane through the point and perpendicular to the line
- PerpendicularPlane[ <Point> , <Vector> ] creates the plane through the point and perpendicular to the vector
- PlaneBisector[ <Point> , <Point> ] create the plane orthogonal bisector between the two points
- PlaneBisector[ <Segment> ] create the plane orthogonal bisector of the segment
Spheres
- Sphere[ <Point> , <Number>] creates a sphere with center and radius
- Sphere[ <Point> , <Point> ] creates a sphere with center im the first point through the second point.
Cylinders and cones
- Cylinder[ <Point>, <Point>, <Radius Number> ] creates a cylinder of revolution between the two points, and with number for radius
- Cylinder[ <Circle>, <height> ] (right circular cylinder, "Extrude to Prism/Cylinder" tool : Drag circle, or select circle and enter altitude to create right cylinder)
- Cone[ <Point>, <Point>, <Radius Number> ] creates a cone of revolution between the two points, with disc around first point and of given radius, and with second point for apex
- Cone[ <Circle>, <height> ] (right circular cone, "Extrude to Pyramid/Cone" tool : Drag circle, or select circle and enter altitude to create right circular cone)
- Bottom[ <Limited quadric> ] creates the bottom of the limited quadric (e.g. circle for a cylinder)
- Top[ <Limited quadric> ] creates the top of the limited quadric (e.g. circle for a cylinder)
- Ends[ <Limited quadric> ] creates bottom and top of the limited quadric (e.g. circles for a cylinder)
- Side[ <Limited quadric> ] creates the side of the limited quadric
Quadrics
- InfiniteCylinder[ <Point> , <Vector>, <Radius Number> ] creates a cylinder of revolution around (point,vector) direction, and with number for radius
- InfiniteCylinder[ <Point>, <Point>, <Radius Number> ] creates a cylinder of revolution around (point,point) direction, and with number for radius
- InfiniteCylinder[ <Line>, <Radius Number> ]creates a cylinder of revolution around line direction, and with number for radius
- InfiniteCone[ <Point> , <Vector>, <Angle Number> ] creates a cone of revolution around (point,vector) direction, with point for apex, and with number for angle (half-angle of the cone)
- InfiniteCone[ <Point>, <Point>, <Angle Number> ] creates a cone of revolution around (point,point) direction, with point for apex, and with number for angle (half-angle of the cone)
- InfiniteCone[ <Point>, <Line>, <Angle Number> ] creates a cone of revolution with point for apex, with axis parallel to line, and with number for angle (half-angle of the cone)
- Axes [ <Quadric> ] create the 3 axes of a quadric
Polyhedrons
- Pyramid[ <Point> , <Point> , ... , <Point> ] : pyramid
eg Pyramid[A,B,C,D] creates the pyramid with basis ABC and apex D
- Pyramid[ <polygon>, <top point> ] ("Pyramid" tool : select basis + create/select top point)
- Pyramid[ <polygon>, <height> ] ("Extrude to Pyramid/Cone" tool : Drag polygon, or select polygon and enter altitude to create centered pyramid)
- Prism[ <Point> , <Point> , ... , <Point> , <Point> ] : prism
eg Prism[A,B,C,D] creates the prism with basis ABC and top DEF, vectors AD, BE, CF are equal
- Prism[ <polygon>, <top point> ] ("Prism" tool : select basis + create/select first top point)
- Prism[ <polygon>, <height> ] ("Extrude to Prism/Cylinder" tool : Drag polygon, or select polygon and enter altitude to create right prism)
Platonic solids
- Icosahedron[ <Point>, <Point>, <Direction> ]
- Cube[ <Point>, <Point>, <Direction> ]
- Tetrahedron[ <Point>, <Point>, <Direction> ]
- Dodecahedron[ <Point>, <Point>, <Direction> ]
- Octahedron[ <Point>, <Point>, <Direction> ]
Net
- Net[ <Polyhedron> , <Number> ] : create the net for a convex pyramid, convex prism, platonic solid. The number must be between 0 and 1. The net is totally unfold when number value equals 1.
Curves, surfaces
- Curve[ <expression in t for x coord> , <expression in t for y coord> , <expression in t for z coord> , <t> , <t min> , <t max> ]
- Function[ <Expression>, <Parameter Variable 1>, <Start Value>, <End Value>, <Parameter Variable 2>, <Start Value>, <End Value> ]
- Surface[ <expression in u, v for x coord> , <expression in u, v for y coord> , <expression in u, v for z coord> , <u> , <u min> , <u max>, <v> , <v min> , <v max> ]
Following commands automatically add xOy plane for direction (first face is contained in xOy plane)
- Icosahedron[ <Point>, <Point> ]
- Cube[ <Point>, <Point> ]
- Tetrahedron[ <Point>, <Point> ]
- Dodecahedron[ <Point>, <Point> ]
- Octahedron[ <Point>, <Point> ]
Volume
- Volume[ <Pyramid> ], Volume[ <Prism> ], Volume[ <Cone> ], Volume[ <Cylinder> ]
Height
- Height[ <Solid> ], Height[ <Cone> ], Height[ <Cylinder> ] : returns an "oriented" height of the solid
Scripts
- SetViewDirection[ <Direction> ] sets the 3D view orientation regarding the direction
Turtle Commands
- Turtle[]
- TurtleForward[ <Turtle>, <Distance> ]
- TurtleBack[ <Turtle>, <Distance> ]
- TurtleLeft[ <Turtle>, <Angle>]
- TurtleRight[ <Turtle>, <Angle>]
New Keyboard Shortcuts
Description of all Keyboard Shortcuts
New Applet Parameters
Description of all Applet Parameters
New Command Line Arguments
You can get the command line arguments for the prover and the SingularWS subsystems by using the --proverhelp
and --singularWShelp
options, namely:
--prover=OPTIONS set options for the prover subsystem where OPTIONS is a comma separated list, formed with the following available settings (defaults in brackets): engine:ENGINE set engine (Auto|OpenGeoProver|Recio|Botana|PureSymbolic) [Auto] timeout:SECS set the maximum time attributed to the prover (in seconds) [5] maxterms:NUMBER set the maximal number of terms [10000] (OpenGeoProver only) method:METHOD set the method (Wu|Groebner|Area) [Wu] (OpenGeoProver only) fpnevercoll:BOOLEAN assume three free points are never collinear for Prove [null] (Botana only, forced to 'yes' when SingularWS is unavailable) usefixcoords:NUMBER1NUMBER2 use fix coordinates for the first NUMBER1 for Prove and NUMBER2 for ProveDetails, maximum of 4 both [42] (Botana only) transcext:BOOLEAN use polynomial ring with coeffs from a transcendental extension for Prove [true] (Botana only, needs SingularWS) captionalgebra:BOOLEAN show algebraic debug information in object captions [false] (Botana only) Example: --prover=engine:Botana,timeout:10,fpnevercoll:true,usefixcoords:43
and
--singularWS=OPTIONS set options for SingularWS where OPTIONS is a comma separated list, formed with the following available settings (defaults in brackets): enable:BOOLEAN use Singular WebService when possible [true] remoteURL:URL set the remote server URL [http://singularws.idm.jku.at/] timeout:SECS set the timeout [5] caching:BOOLEAN set server side caching [auto] Example: singularWS=timeout:3
If you use command line arguments, make sure you allocate enough memory, eg:
java -Xms32m -Xmx1024m -jar geogebra.jar --settingsfile=geogebra.properties
Description of all Command Line Arguments
New JavaScript commands
- registerLoggerListener(functionName), unregisterLoggerListener(functionName) to access Vernier Go!Motion USB Logger
- registerObjectClickListener(String objName, String JSFunctionName);
- unregisterObjectClickListener(String objName);
- registerClickListener(String JSFunctionName);
- unregisterClickListener(String JSFunctionName);
Description of all GeoGebra JavaScript Methods
GeoGebra's XML File Format
GeoGebra's XML file format is documented at Reference:XML.
License
You are free to copy, distribute and transmit GeoGebra for non-commercial purposes. Please see the GeoGebra license for details: http://www.geogebra.org/download/license.txt
es:Notas Lanzamiento de GeoGebra 5.0 it:Note di versione di GeoGebra 5.0