Tutorial:Sobre LaTeX -medidas de fuentes - cajas de color y matemática -
GeoGebra emplea JLaTeXMath como poderoso aliado para mostrar fórmulas matemáticas (texto y símbolos) vía LaTeX. Lo primero a recordar es que LaTeX opera en dos modos: el de texto y el matemático de modo de ingresar texto en el modo correspondiente y la escritura matemática en en el modo matemático respectivamente .
Por omisión, cuando se tilda la casilla "fórmula LaTeX" se da entrada al modo matemático (tipografía itálica - cursiva-). Si se prefiere ingresar texto (tipografía roman - romana-), es preciso pasar a ese modo de texto , anotando: \text{text text text} o \mbox{text text text}
Fuentes
Tamaño de la Fuente
El tamaño de las fuentes se puede cambiar a nivel global, con los siguientes comandos:
| \tiny | \scriptsize | \footnotesize | \small | \normalsize |
| \large | \Large | \LARGE | \huge | \Huge |
El comando \normalsize permite retornar a la medida original de la fuente. Para combinar diferentes medidas es preciso añadir los comandos entre llaves {...}. Este es un ejemplo de combinación de tamaños en el modo matemático:
{\scriptsize A}{\footnotesize B}{\small C}{\normalsize D}{\large E}{\Large F}{\LARGE G}{\huge H}{\Huge I} 
Este es un ejemplo de combinación de tamaños en el modo texto/matemático usando el comando \oldstylenums{ ...} (únicamente modo matemático):
\text{{\Enorme GeoGebra}, the most powerful, {\small since}}\oldstylenums{ 2001-2012} 
También puede emplearse el comando en modo texto/matemático: \scalebox{h_scale}[v_scale]{...} donde {h_scale} es un número positivo(negativo) (obligatorio) y [v_scale] es uno opcional, positivo, los números pueden ser deslizadores.
\scalebox{2}{\text{{\Enorme GeoGebra}, lo más poderoso, {\small desde }}\oldstylenums{ 2001-2012}}
Familias de Fuentes
En el modo texto, se cuenta con las siguientes familias de texto que se pueden emplear globalmente o mediante el uso de llaves {...}: \rm o {\rm }
\sf o {\sf }
\tt o {\tt }
\text{{\rm GeoGebra}{\sf , the most powerful}, {\tt since }}\oldstylenums{ 2001-2012} 
En el modo matemático se cuenta con las siguientes familias (mathrm por omisión):
| \mathcal{ABC} | \mathrm{abc} | \mathbf{abc} | \mathsf{abc} | \mathit{abc} |
| \mathtt{abc} | \mathfrak{abc} | \mathbb{ABC} | \mathscr{ABC} |
\mathbb{G}\mathfrak{e}\mathbf{o}\mathsf{G}\mathscr{E}\mathtt{b}\mathit{r}\mathrm{a}
Series de Fuente
Para el empleo en modo texto' se puede usar \bf o {\bf ...} y para modo matemático, \mathbf{...},
\text{\bf GeoGebra }\mathbf{\sqrt{2012^{2}}}
Font Shapes
For Small Caps in text mode use:\text{{\sc GeoGebra} or \textsc{GeoGebra}
Ejemplo: \ texto {\ bf GeoGebra} \ vec {\ sqrt {2012 ^ {2}}}
[ editar ] Formas de fuente Para Small Caps en modo de texto de uso: \ texto {{\ sc GeoGebra} o \ textsc {} GeoGebra
[ editar ] Las comillas
Quotation marks
Straight quotes "..." is a special character for GeoGebra, should never be used directly in LaTeX.
For a single quotation marks in text mode use:
\text{'Simple'} and for double quotation marks use:\text{''Doble''}
For more info see http://www.geogebra.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=8&t=20512&p=77283&hilit=quotes#p77283
Horizontal space.
For a single spaced in text mode use the space bar for other spaces we have the following commands:\quad
\qquad
\hspace{...}
The command \hspace{...} (and \quad, \qquad also available in math mode) supports the following units of measurement (positive and negative) :
| pt | point | (1 in = 72.27 pt) | pc | pica | (1 pc = 12 pt) |
| in | inch | (1 in = 25.4 mm) | bp | big point | (1 in = 72 bp) |
| cm | centimetre | (1 cm = 10 mm) | mm | millimetre | |
| dd | didot point | (1157 dd = 1238 pt) | sp | scaled point | (65536 sp = 1 pt) |
In math mode we have the following commands:
| \, | a small space | \: | a medium space | \; | a large space | \! | a negative space (moves things back to the left) |
Boxes and Color (In both modes)
Text and Math in Color
The colors supported directly by JLaTeXMath can be found in http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/LaTeX/Colors#The_68_standard_colors_known_to_dvips
you can use the command:\textcolor{color}{...}
\text{\textcolor{WildStrawberry}{Geo}\textcolor{blue}{G}\textcolor{red}{ebra}}\,\textcolor{green}{\oldstylenums{4.2}
Añadiendo Colores
If you need to create new color, you can use the command:
\definecolor{mycolour}{rgb}{a,b,c}
the numbers a, b and c must be between 0 and 1, can be a slider, for example:
\definecolor{a}{rgb}{0.63,0.39,0.17}\definecolor{b}{rgb}{0.63,0.17,0.39}\definecolor{c}{rgb}{0.39,0.63,0.17}\definecolor{d}{rgb}{0.39,0.17,0.63}\definecolor{e}{rgb}{0.17,0.63,0.39}\definecolor{f}{rgb}{0.17,0.39,0.63}\text{\textcolor{a}C\textcolor{b}O\textcolor{c}L\textcolor{d}O\textcolor{e}U\textcolor{f}R}
Frame Boxes
For simple frame boxes (no colors) use :\boxed{2012\text{ is now!} or\fbox{2012\text{ is now!}
Color Boxes
A. For a color box (same color in border and background) use:\colorbox{red}{2012\text{ is now!}
B. For a color box (diferent color in border and background) use:\fcolorbox{blue}{red}{2012\text{ is now!}
Rotate Boxes
If you need to rotate a box (or whatever) use:\rotatebox{angle}{...}
\rotatebox{45}{\fcolorbox{blue}{red}{2012\text{ is now!}}
Reflect Boxes
If you need to reflect a box (or whatever) use:\reflectbox{...}
\reflectbox{\fcolorbox{blue}{red}{2012\text{ is now!}}
Phantom Boxes
Sometimes it is necessary to have these phantom boxes,for systems, control the height under a root, alignment on a formula, etc. It has these three commands:
| \phantom{XXX} | space as wide and high as three X’s |
| \hphantom{XXX} | space as wide as three X’s; height 0 |
| \vphantom{X} | space of width 0, height = height of X |
\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{\vphantom{b}a}
Más adelante, se podrá consultar una síntesis sobre tablas y matrices.
JLaTeXMath supports many mathematical environments (whitout *) I recommend reading ftp://ftp.ams.org/ams/doc/amsmath/short-math-guide.pdf Serán bienvenidos todos los aportes que desde los diferentes foros puedan hacer llegar participantes que deseen contribuir con ejemplos (de ambientes matemáticos).
LATEX environment
JLaTeXMath provides a number of different environments work. Each environment begins and ends in the same manner.
\begin{environment}[options]<br/>
...<br/>
\end{environment}
The following environments are supported:
| • tabular | • array | • matrix (and variants) | • eqnarray |
| • align | • cases | • split | • multline |
Tabular and Array
The tabular and array environment found in similar way, can be used to typeset material with optional horizontal and vertical lines. The options are:
| l | left-justified column | c | centered column | r | right-justified column |
| |
vertical line | || |
double vertical line | & |
column separator |
\\ |
start new row | \hline|| horizontal line
|
\begin{tabular}{| l |c ||r |} \hline 1 & 2 & 3 \\ \hline 4 & 5 & 6 \\ \hline 7 & 8 & 9 \\ \hline \end{tabular} 
Other example , using \multicolumn and array:
\begin{array}{|c|c|}\hline\multicolumn{2}{|c|}{\text{Title}} \\\hlinex & y\\ \hlinea & b\\c & c\\d & e\\ \hline\end{array}
If you need add column separator (dot for example) and space (1cm), use @{.\hspace{1cm}:
\begin{tabular}{r{.\hspace{1cm}}l}1 & 23 \\45 & 678\\910& 1112\\\end{tabular}
Matrix
A basic matrix may be created using the matrix environment, the structures is similar to table-array , entries are specified by row, with columns separated using & and a new rows separated with \\. Matrices are usually enclosed in delimiters (default none) of some kind, and while it is possible to use the \left and \right commands. The predefined environments which automatically include delimiters:
| pmatrix | ( ) |
bmatrix | [ ] |
Bmatrix | { }
|
| vmatrix | | | |
Vmatrix | || ||
|
$\mathsf{A}_{m,n} = \begin{Vmatrix} a_{1,1} &a_{1,2} &\cdots &a_{1,n} \\a_{2,1} &a_{2,2} &\cdots &a_{2,n} \\\vdots & \vdots & \ddots &\vdots \\a_{m,1} &a_{m,2} &\cdots &a_{m,n}\end{Vmatrix}$
Small Matrix
Sometimes you need to write a matrix within text, for this environment have smallmatrix, this works the same way the matrix environment, for example:
\mathsf{M} =\left\{ \begin{smallmatrix}a&b\\ c&d\end{smallmatrix} \right\}
Eqnarray
This environment is designed to write multiline equations or equations that exceed the width of line, it behaves like an array of three columns where the Vrst aligned right, center second and third left. The equations we want to present in this way must be enclosed between \begin{eqnarray} and \end{eqnarray}, an example:
\begin{eqnarray}y &=& (x+1)^2 \\&=& x^2+2x+1\end{eqnarray}
Align
Like eqnarray, but more powerful, you can insert text between lines with the command \intertext{...}, for example:
\begin{align}x+y-z &= 1\\x-y+z &= 1\\\intertext{text}2x\hphantom{-y}+z &= 1\end{align}
Casos
For piece wise function or definitions use cases environment:
\left\vert x\right\vert =\begin{cases}\hphantom{-}x &,\, \text{if }x\geq 0 ,\\-x&,\, \text{if }x<0\end{cases}
Split
For split long math block
\begin{split}a& =b+c-d\\& \quad +e-f\\& =g+h\\& =i\end{split}
Multline
For multiple lines of math
\begin{multline}\left(a+b+c+d+e\right)^2=a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+e^2\\+2ab+2ac+2ad+2ae+2bc+2bd+2be+2cd+2ce+2de\end{multline}
