Scripting

Script is a sequence of commands, that are executed one after each other.

GeoGebra supports two scripting languages - GGBScript and Javascript. You can enter scripts in the Scripting tab of the Properties Dialog of the object you want to assign a script to.

Note: The Properties panel needs to be closed for scripts to work.

Different objects support different types of scripting; the execution of scripts can be triggered by :

• clicking a particular object (OnClick tab)
• updating a particular object (when value or properties of the object are changed) (OnUpdate tab)
• changing the content of an input box (OnChange tab)
• when the mouse button is released (or finger is removed from the screen for touch devices) after dragging an object (On Drag-end tab)
• loading the file (for JavaScript - Global Javascript tab)
• Javascript listeners (see Reference:JavaScript)

The difference between OnUpdate and OnChange scripting for an input box is that in case the script is entered in the OnUpdate tab, it is executed only when the focus is removed from the input box (by e.g. clicking on a button, clicking in the Graphics View, etc...), whereas scripting entered in the OnChange tab will be executed as soon as the content of the input box changes, and the focus is still on the input box itself.

Notes:

• Check this https://www.geogebra.org/m/bek5uqah demo of OnChange and OnUpdate scripts for an input box.
• Check this https://www.geogebra.org/m/kxgvyqvj demo of OnDrag-end scripting for a draggable point.

GGBScript

You can create scripts consisting of GeoGebra commands, as you would use them in the Input Bar. After triggering the script, every command is executed, in the same order they are written, sequentially.

Example:

• a is an integer-valued slider ranging from 1 to 3 (therefore Increment equals 1)
• type in: list1 = {"red", "green", "blue"}
• in properties of a, set "On Update" script to SetColor(a, Element(list1, a))
• by moving the slider you change its color

Explanation: Every time the slider is moved, there an update occurs. So, for every move the script is called and the value of a is used to get one color from the list and change the color of the slider a.

Note: You can use # to start a comment

Hint: Some commands can only be used for scripting. The list of these command is available in the Scripting_Commands page.

JavaScript

JavaScript is a programming language used by many Internet technologies. Unlike GeoGebra Script, in Javascript commands don't have to be executed as a simple sequence, but a control flow (if, while, for) can be used. For generic JavaScript you can find a nice tutorial on developer.mozilla.org. In GeoGebra, you can use special JavaScript methods which allow you to change the construction. These methods belong to ggbApplet object, which means that you call them as ggbApplet.method_name(parameter,..,parameter). For complete list of these methods see Reference:JavaScript.

Example:

for(var i =0;i<10;i++) 
   ggbApplet.evalCommand("A_"+i+"=(random()*10,random()*10)");

This script creates 10 points A₀ to A₉ at random coordinates.

Note: Scripting with JavaScript is very versatile, but many tasks can also be achieved using the simpler GeoGebraScript.

Global JavaScript

In the Global JavaScript part of the Scripting tab in the Properties Dialog you may define functions (not variables) which will be available from the other scripts. You can also define function ggbOnInit(name, api), which is called automatically once the construction is loaded. The ggbOnInit function can be used for registering some listeners, as shown below.

Example:

function onAdd(name){
    alert("Object "+name+" was added.");
}

function ggbOnInit(name, api){
    api.registerAddListener("onAdd");
}

First we defined function onAdd that given a string shows a message depending on that string. After that, using the ggbOnInit function, we told GeoGebra to call this function whenever a new object is added. Once we reload our construction, function ggbOnInit will be called and since then, when user adds a point named e.g. A, message "Object A was added" will appear.

You can also use listeners for actions like rename, delete and clear construction. A complete list is available in Reference:JavaScript.

Note: Using any ggbApplet methods in Global JavaScript outside of ggbOnInit will not work as intended since they will be called before the construction is loaded.