Difference between revisions of "Lists"

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<noinclude>{{Manual Page|version=4.0}}[[Category:Manual (official)|{{PAGENAME}}]]</noinclude>
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<noinclude>{{Manual Page|version=5.0}}</noinclude>{{objects|general}}
{{objects|general}}
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Using curly braces you can create a ''list'' of several objects (e.g. points, segments, circles).
Using curly braces you can create a list of several objects (e. g. points, segments, circles).
 
  
{{Example|1=<div>
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{{Example|1=<br>
* <code>L = {A, B, C}</code> gives you a list consisting of three prior defined points A, B, and C.
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* <code>L = {A, B, C}</code> gives you a list consisting of three prior defined points ''A'', ''B'', and ''C''.
* <code>L = {(0, 0), (1, 1), (2, 2)}</code> produces a list that consists of the entered points, as well as these nameless points. }}
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* <code>L = {(0, 0), (1, 1), (2, 2)}</code> produces a list that consists of the entered points and also creates these nameless points.
{{Note|By default, the elements of this list are not shown in the Graphics View.</div>}}
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* The short syntax <code>..</code> creates a list of successive integers: e.g. <code>-5..5</code> creates the list {''-5, -4, -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5''}. }}
==Compare Lists of Objects==
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{{Notes|1=<div>
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*By default, the elements of this list are not shown in the [[File:Menu view graphics.svg|link=|16px]] [[Graphics View]].
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*Lists can also be used as arguments in list operations (mentioned further in this article) or [[List Commands]].</div>}}
  
You can compare two lists of objects by using the following syntax:
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==Accessing Elements of Lists==
* List1 == List2: Checks if the two lists are equal and gives you true or false as a result.
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To access particular elements of a list you can use the [[Element Command]] or the simplified syntax shown in the example below:
*List1 != List2: Checks if the two lists are not equal and gives you true or false as a result.
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{{Example|1=Let <code>list = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}</code>, then:<div>
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*<code>list(1)</code> returns the first element of the list: ''1''
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*<code>list(2)</code> returns the second element of the list: ''2''
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*.../...
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*<code>list(-1)</code> returns the last element of the list: ''5''
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*<code>list(-5)</code> returns the first element of the list: ''1''
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*<code>list(0)</code> returns ''undefined'', as well as <code>list(k)</code> for k > 5 or k < -5</div>}}
  
==Apply Pre-defined Operations and Functions to Lists==
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==Comparing Lists of Objects==
  
If you apply operations and pre-defined functions to lists, you will always get a new list as a result.
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You can compare two lists of objects by using the following syntaxes and commands:
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* <code>List1 == List2</code>: checks if the two lists are equal as ordered [[w:Tuple|tuples]], and yields ''true'' or ''false''.
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* <code>List1 != List2</code>: checks if the two lists are not equal as ordered tuples, and yields ''true'' or ''false''.
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* <code>Unique[list1] == Unique[list2]</code> or <code>list1 \ list2 == {}</code> : checks if the two lists are equal as sets (i.e. all repeated elements are ignored, as well as the elements order) and yields ''true'' or ''false''.
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* <code>Sort[list1] == Sort[list2]</code>: checks if the two lists are equal as [[w:Multiset|multisets]] (i.e. the elements order is ignored) and yields ''true'' or ''false''.
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See also [[Unique Command|Unique]] and [[Sort Command|Sort]] commands.
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==List Operators==
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<code><Object> ∈ <List></code>: returns ''true'' if ''Object'' is an element of ''List''
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<code><List1> ⊆ <List2></code>: returns ''true'' if ''List1'' is subset of ''List2''
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<code><List1> ⊂ <List2></code>: returns ''true'' if ''List1'' is a strict subset of ''List2''
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<code><List1> \ <List2></code>: creates the set difference of ''List1'' and ''List2''
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==Apply Predefined Operations and Functions to Lists==
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If you apply [[Predefined Functions and Operators]] to lists, you will always get a new list as a result.
  
 
===Addition and subtraction===
 
===Addition and subtraction===
* List1 + List2: Adds corresponding elements of two lists. {{Note|The two lists need to be of the same length.}}
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* <code>List1 + List2</code>: adds the corresponding elements of two lists. {{Note|The two lists need to be of the same length.}}
* List + Number: Adds the number to every element of the list.
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* <code>List + Number</code>: adds ''Number'' to every element of ''List''.
* List1 – List2: Subtracts the elements of the second list from corresponding elements of the first list. {{Note|The lists need to be of the same length.}}
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* <code>List1 – List2</code>: subtracts the elements of ''List2'' from corresponding elements of ''List1''. {{Note|The lists need to be of the same length.}}
* List – Number: Subtracts the number from every element of the list.
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* <code>List – Number</code>: subtracts ''Number'' from every element of ''List''.
  
 
===Multiplication and division===
 
===Multiplication and division===
* List1 * List2: Multiplies corresponding elements of two lists. {{Note|The lists need to be of the same length. If the two lists are compatible matrices, matrix multiplication is used.}}
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* <code>List1 * List2</code>: multiplies the corresponding elements of two lists. {{Note|The lists need to be of the same length. If the two lists are compatible matrices, matrix multiplication is used.}}
* List * Number: Multiplies every list element with the number.
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* <code>List * Number</code>: multiplies every ''List'' element by the given ''Number''.
* List1 / List2: Divides elements of the first list by corresponding elements of the second list. {{Note|The two lists need to be of the same length.}}
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* <code>List1 / List2</code>: divides the elements of ''List1'' by the corresponding elements of ''List2''. {{Note|The two lists need to be of the same length.}}
* List / Number: Divides every list element by the number.
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* <code>List / Number</code>: divides every ''List'' element by ''Number''.
* Number / List: Divides the number by every element of the list.
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* <code>Number / List</code>: divides ''Number'' by every element of ''List''.
 
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{{Note|See also [[Points and Vectors#Vector Product|Vector product]].}}
 
===Other examples===
 
===Other examples===
* List^2: Squares every element of the list.
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* <code>List ^ 2</code>: squares every element of ''List''.
* 2^List: Creates list of powers of two with exponents from the list.
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* <code>2 ^ List</code>: creates a list of powers of two, using the ''List'' elements as exponents.
* List1^List2: Creates list of a^b, where a and b are corresponding elements of List1 and List2.
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* <code>List1 ^ List2</code>: creates a list containing ''a^b'', where ''a'' and ''b'' are corresponding elements of ''List1'' and ''List2''.
* sin(List): Applies the sine function to every element of the list. User defined [[Functions|functions]] can be applied the same way as well.
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* <code>sin(List)</code>: applies the sine function to every element of ''List''. <br>
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User defined [[Functions|functions]] can be applied the same way as well.

Latest revision as of 14:17, 30 October 2015


Using curly braces you can create a list of several objects (e.g. points, segments, circles).

Example:
  • L = {A, B, C} gives you a list consisting of three prior defined points A, B, and C.
  • L = {(0, 0), (1, 1), (2, 2)} produces a list that consists of the entered points and also creates these nameless points.
  • The short syntax .. creates a list of successive integers: e.g. -5..5 creates the list {-5, -4, -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5}.
Notes:
  • By default, the elements of this list are not shown in the Menu view graphics.svg Graphics View.
  • Lists can also be used as arguments in list operations (mentioned further in this article) or List Commands.

Accessing Elements of Lists

To access particular elements of a list you can use the Element Command or the simplified syntax shown in the example below:

Example: Let list = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, then:
  • list(1) returns the first element of the list: 1
  • list(2) returns the second element of the list: 2
  • .../...
  • list(-1) returns the last element of the list: 5
  • list(-5) returns the first element of the list: 1
  • list(0) returns undefined, as well as list(k) for k > 5 or k < -5


Comparing Lists of Objects

You can compare two lists of objects by using the following syntaxes and commands:

  • List1 == List2: checks if the two lists are equal as ordered tuples, and yields true or false.
  • List1 != List2: checks if the two lists are not equal as ordered tuples, and yields true or false.
  • Unique[list1] == Unique[list2] or list1 \ list2 == {} : checks if the two lists are equal as sets (i.e. all repeated elements are ignored, as well as the elements order) and yields true or false.
  • Sort[list1] == Sort[list2]: checks if the two lists are equal as multisets (i.e. the elements order is ignored) and yields true or false.

See also Unique and Sort commands.

List Operators

<Object> ∈ <List>: returns true if Object is an element of List

<List1> ⊆ <List2>: returns true if List1 is subset of List2

<List1> ⊂ <List2>: returns true if List1 is a strict subset of List2

<List1> \ <List2>: creates the set difference of List1 and List2

Apply Predefined Operations and Functions to Lists

If you apply Predefined Functions and Operators to lists, you will always get a new list as a result.

Addition and subtraction

  • List1 + List2: adds the corresponding elements of two lists.
    Note: The two lists need to be of the same length.
  • List + Number: adds Number to every element of List.
  • List1 – List2: subtracts the elements of List2 from corresponding elements of List1.
    Note: The lists need to be of the same length.
  • List – Number: subtracts Number from every element of List.

Multiplication and division

  • List1 * List2: multiplies the corresponding elements of two lists.
    Note: The lists need to be of the same length. If the two lists are compatible matrices, matrix multiplication is used.
  • List * Number: multiplies every List element by the given Number.
  • List1 / List2: divides the elements of List1 by the corresponding elements of List2.
    Note: The two lists need to be of the same length.
  • List / Number: divides every List element by Number.
  • Number / List: divides Number by every element of List.
Note: See also Vector product.

Other examples

  • List ^ 2: squares every element of List.
  • 2 ^ List: creates a list of powers of two, using the List elements as exponents.
  • List1 ^ List2: creates a list containing a^b, where a and b are corresponding elements of List1 and List2.
  • sin(List): applies the sine function to every element of List.

User defined functions can be applied the same way as well.

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